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11 findings about diversity in America’s workforce





In 2015, this is the changing face of U.S. jobs.
Major demographic shifts in the U.S. since 2001 have led to a workforce that looks quite different today, according to a new report from CareerBuilder. "The Changing Face of U.S. Jobs" explores how an increasingly diverse population is affecting the composition of nearly 800 occupations by gender, age and race/ethnicity.

In 2015, this is the changing face of U.S. jobs.

1. Women make up greater share of workforce.
In 2014, 49 percent of jobs were held by women, compared to 48 percent in 2001. That amounts to 4.9 million more female workers since 2001 compared to just 2.2 million additional male workers.
2. Men are performing a wider variety of work.
Despite gains in overall workforce participation by women, men are gaining a share of employment in 72 percent of all occupations. Examples include gains in female-majority occupations like pharmacists, credit analysts and physical therapists.

3. Occupational segregation contributes to pay gap.
Jobs with a high concentration of male workers pay significantly more per hour, on average, than jobs with a high concentration of female workers: $25.49 median hourly earnings for men vs. $20.85 median hourly earnings for women.
4. Women are losing share of employment in high-paying jobs.
Since 2001, women lost ground in 48 out of the 50 highest paying jobs, including surgeons, chief executives, lawyers and software developers. They gained share among lawyers and political scientists.
5. Job losses have come primarily in male-majority jobs.
Among the occupations that lost 10,000 jobs or more since 2001, 76 percent were male-majority occupations. As jobs went away in these fields, male workers had to find work in a broader array of occupations.
6. Occupations with largest gains are mostly female-majority.
Among the occupations that gained 75,000 jobs or more, 69 percent were female-majority. The largest gains in the workforce for women occurred in a smaller number of sizable occupations.
7. Women dominate college graduation numbers, but not in top-paying fields.
While 5.6 million more women than men attained college degrees from 2004-2013, men continue to lead in programs that typically lead to higher-paying jobs, such as computer science (83 percent of 2013 grads), engineering (79 percent), law (54 percent) and postgraduate business (54 percent).
8. The most dramatic demographic shift in workforce composition is age.
The teenage workforce is 33 percent smaller than in 2001, while the age 55 and older workforce grew 40 percent. Jobs for young professionals (age 22-34) grew only 4 percent, while employment for workers age 35-54 shrunk by 1 percent.
9. The aging workforce is felt in virtually all occupations.
Moreover, workers 55 and older make up 25 percent of the workforce in 210 occupations. There were only 86 such occupations in 2014.

10. The U.S. population is more racially and ethnically diverse now than at the turn of the century, and so is the workforce.
Hispanic/Latino and Asian workers make up a greater share of the workforce now than in 2001. Hispanics/Latinos held 13 percent of jobs in 2014, up from 11 percent in 2001, and Asians held 5 percent of jobs in 2014, up from 4 percent in 2001. White workers, meanwhile, lost share of total employment, dropping from 71 percent in 2001 to 69 percent in 2014. Black/African American workers held 12 percent of all jobs in 2014, unchanged from 2001.
11. College graduates are significantly more diverse than in 2004.
Non-white students made up 37 percent of all associate, bachelor's and post-grad completers in 2013, up from 30 percent in 2004.